The Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Network Ecosystem: 2021 – 2030 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts

As the 5G era advances, the cellular communications industry is undergoing a revolutionary paradigm shift, driven by technological innovations, liberal regulatory policies and disruptive business models. One important aspect of this radical transformation is the growing adoption of shared and unlicensed spectrum – frequencies that are not exclusively licensed to a single mobile operator.

Telecommunications regulatory authorities across the globe have launched innovative frameworks to facilitate the coordinated sharing of licensed spectrum, most notably the United States three-tiered CBRS scheme for dynamic sharing of 3.5 GHz spectrum, Germanys 3.7-3.8 GHz licenses for private 5G networks, the United Kingdoms shared and local access licensing model, Frances 2.6 GHz licenses for industrial LTE/5G networks, the Netherlands local mid-band spectrum permits, Japans local 5G network licenses, Hong Kongs geographically-shared licenses, and Australias 26/28 GHz area-wide apparatus licenses. Collectively, these ground-breaking initiatives are catalyzing the rollout of shared spectrum LTE and 5G NR networks for a diverse array of use cases ranging from private cellular networks for enterprises and vertical industries to mobile network densification, FWA (Fixed Wireless Access) and neutral host infrastructure.

In addition, the 3GPP cellular wireless ecosystem is also accelerating its foray into vast swaths of globally and regionally harmonized unlicensed spectrum bands. Although existing commercial activity is largely centered around LTE-based LAA (Licensed Assisted Access) technology whereby license-exempt frequencies are used in tandem with licensed anchors to expand mobile network capacity and deliver higher data rates, the introduction of 5G NR-U in 3GPPs Release 16 specifications paves the way for 5G NR deployments in unlicensed spectrum for both licensed assisted and standalone modes of operation.

Even with ongoing challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic-induced economic slowdown, SNS Telecom & IT estimates that global investments in LTE and 5G NR RAN (Radio Access Network) infrastructure operating in shared and unlicensed spectrum will account for more than $1.3 Billion by the end of 2021. The market is expected to continue its upward trajectory beyond 2021, growing at CAGR of approximately 44% between 2021 and 2024 to reach nearly $4 Billion in annual spending by 2024.

The “Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Network Ecosystem: 2021 – 2030 – Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies & Forecasts” report presents a detailed assessment of the shared and unlicensed spectrum LTE/5G network ecosystem including the value chain, market drivers, barriers to uptake, enabling technologies, key trends, future roadmap, business models, use cases, application scenarios, standardization, spectrum availability/allocation, regulatory landscape, case studies, ecosystem player profiles and strategies. The report also provides global and regional forecasts for shared and unlicensed spectrum LTE/5G RAN infrastructure from 2021 till 2030. The forecasts cover two air interface technologies, two cell type categories, two spectrum licensing models, 12 frequency band ranges, seven use cases and five regional markets.

The report comes with an associated Excel datasheet suite covering quantitative data from all numeric forecasts presented in the report.








































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































 

Table of Contents Page Number List of Companies Mentioned
 1 Chapter 1: Introduction 27 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project)
 1.1 Executive Summary 27 5G-ACIA (5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation)
 1.2 Topics Covered 29 6Harmonics/6WiLInk
 1.3 Forecast Segmentation 30 7Layers
 1.4 Key Questions Answered 32 Aaeon Technology
 1.5 Key Findings 33 ABB
 1.6 Methodology 36 ABiT Corporation
 1.7 Target Audience 37 Accelleran
 1.8 Companies & Organizations Mentioned 38 Accenture
 Accuver
 2 Chapter 2: An Overview of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Networks 41 ACMA (Australian Communications and Media Authority)
 2.1 Spectrum: The Lifeblood of the Wireless Communications Industry 41 ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies)
 2.1.1 Traditional Exclusive-Use Licensed Spectrum 41 Affirmed Networks
 2.1.2 Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum 41 Airgain
 2.2 Why Utilize Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum for LTE/5G Networks? 42 Airspan Networks
 2.2.1 Alleviating Capacity Constraints on Mobile Operator Spectrum 42 Airtower Networks
 2.2.2 New Business Models: Neutral Host, Enterprise & Private Cellular Networks 42 Airwavz Solutions
 2.2.3 Resurgence of FWA (Fixed Wireless Access) Services 42 AKOS (Agency for Communication Networks and Services of the Republic of Slovenia)
 2.3 How Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Differs From Traditional Licensed Frequencies 43 Akoustis Technologies
 2.3.1 Exclusive vs. Shared Use 43 Alabama Power Company
 2.3.2 License Fees & Validity 43 Alef Edge
 2.3.3 Network Buildout & Service Obligations 44 Allen Vanguard Wireless
 2.3.4 Power Limits & Other Restrictions 44 Alliance of Industrial Internet
 2.4 Common Approaches to the Utilization of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum 44 Alpha Wireless
 2.4.1 Coordinated Sharing of Licensed Spectrum 44 Alphabet
 2.4.1.1 Authorized Sharing of Licensed Spectrum 44 Altiostar Networks
 2.4.1.2 Sub-Leasing of Unused Mobile Operator Frequencies 45 Altran
 2.4.1.3 Light Licensing 45 Amazon
 2.4.1.4 Local Area Licenses 45 Amdocs
 2.4.1.5 Concurrent Shared Access 45 American Dream
 2.4.2 License-Exempt (Unlicensed) Operation 45 American Tower Corporation
 2.4.2.1 Dedicated Unlicensed Bands 46 Amit Wireless
 2.4.2.2 Opportunistic Unlicensed Access 46 ANACOM (National Communications Authority, Portugal)
 2.4.3 Database-Assisted Spectrum Coordination 46 Angel Stadium
 2.4.3.1 Manual Coordination 46 Anritsu Corporation
 2.4.3.2 Semi-Automated Coordination 47 ANS (Advanced Network Services)
 2.4.3.3 AFC (Automated Frequency Coordination) 47 Antenna Company
 2.4.3.4 DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Access) 47 Anterix
 2.5 The Value Chain of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Networks 47 Apple
 2.5.1 Chipset & Enabling Technology Specialists 48 ARCEP (Autorité de Régulation des Communications Électroniques)
 2.5.2 Terminal OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) 48 ARIB (Association of Radio Industries and Businesses, Japan)
 2.5.3 LTE & 5G NR Infrastructure Suppliers 49 Artemis Networks
 2.5.4 Wireless Service Providers 49 Askey Computer Corporation
 2.5.4.1 Mobile Operators 49 ASOCS
 2.5.4.2 Fixed-Line Service Providers 49 ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute)
 2.5.4.3 MVNOs (Mobile Virtual Network Operators) 50 ASUS (ASUSTeK Computer)
 2.5.4.4 Towercos (Tower Companies) 50 AT&T
 2.5.4.5 Neutral Hosts 50 Athonet
 2.5.4.6 Private Network Operators 50 ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions)
 2.5.5 End Users 51 ATN International
 2.5.5.1 Consumers 51 AttoCore
 2.5.5.2 Enterprises & Vertical Industries 51 Axell Wireless
 2.5.6 Other Ecosystem Players 51 Azcom Technology
 2.6 Market Drivers 52 BAI Communications
 2.6.1 Continued Growth of Mobile Data Traffic 52 Baicells Technologies
 2.6.2 New Revenue Streams: FWA, IoT & Vertical-Focused Services 53 Ballast Networks
 2.6.3 Private & Neutral Host Network Deployments 53 BBB (BB Backbone Corporation)
 2.6.4 Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Availability 54 BBK Electronics Corporation
 2.6.5 Lower Cost Network Equipment & Installation 55 BearCom
 2.6.6 Expanding Ecosystem of Compatible Devices 55 BEC Technologies
 2.7 Market Barriers 56 Benetel
 2.7.1 Cell Site Deployment Challenges 56 Benic Solution Corporation
 2.7.2 Restricted Coverage Due to Transmit Power Limits 56 Billion Electric
 2.7.3 Interference & Congestion Concerns in Unlicensed Bands 57 BIPT (Belgian Institute for Postal Services and Telecommunications)
 2.7.4 Resistance From Other Spectrum Users 57 Black Box Corporation
 2.7.5 Competition From Non-3GPP Technologies 57 Blackned
 2.7.6 Economic & Pandemic-Related Factors 58 BLiNQ Networks
 Blue Arcus Technologies
 3 Chapter 3: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Technologies 59 Blue Danube Systems
 3.1 Coordinated Shared Spectrum Technologies 59 BNetzA (Federal Network Agency, Germany)
 3.1.1 CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service): Three-Tiered Sharing 59 Boingo Wireless
 3.1.1.1 Dynamic Access to the 3.5 GHz Band in the United States 59 Branch Communications
 3.1.1.2 Tiers of Authorization 60 BTI Wireless
 3.1.1.2.1 Tier 1 – Incumbent Access 60 BTK (Information and Communications Technologies Authority, Turkey)
 3.1.1.2.2 Tier 2 – PALs (Priority Access Licenses) 61 Bureau Veritas
 3.1.1.2.3 Tier 3 – GAA (General Authorized Access) 61 BVSystems (Berkeley Varitronics Systems)
 3.1.1.3 CBRS System Architecture & Functional Elements 61 BYD
 3.1.2 LSA (Licensed Shared Access): Two-Tiered Sharing 63 CableFree (Wireless Excellence)
 3.1.2.1 Database-Assisted Sharing of the 2.3 – 2.4 GHz Band in Europe 63 CableLabs
 3.1.2.2 Functional Architecture of LSA Systems 64 Cal.net
 3.1.2.3 eLSA (Evolved LSA): Frequency-Agnostic Sharing for Local Wireless Networks 65 Caltta
 3.1.3 Local Area Licensing of Shared Spectrum 66 Cambium Networks
 3.1.3.1 Germanys 3.7 – 3.8 GHz Licenses for Vertical Industries 66 Cambridge Consultants
 3.1.3.2 United Kingdoms Shared & Local Access Licenses 66 Carlson Wireless Technologies
 3.1.3.3 Frances 2.6 GHz Licenses for Local Industrial Networks 67 Casa Systems
 3.1.3.4 Netherlands Local Mid-Band Spectrum Licensing Model 67 CBRS Alliance
 3.1.3.5 Japans Local 5G Network Licenses 67 CCI (Communication Components Inc.)
 3.1.3.6 Chinas Licensing Framework for Industrial LTE/5G Systems 67 CCN (Cirrus Core Networks)
 3.1.3.7 Hong Kongs Geographically-Shared Licenses for 5G Networks 68 CCSA (China Communications Standards Association)
 3.1.3.8 Australias 26/28 GHz Area-Wide Apparatus Licenses 68 CellAntenna Corporation
 3.1.3.9 Local Licensing Schemes in Other National Markets 68 cellXica
 3.1.4 Other Coordinated Shared Spectrum Technologies 68 Celona
 3.2 LTE & 5G NR in Unlicensed Spectrum 69 Centerline Communications
 3.2.1 LTE-U 69 CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations)
 3.2.1.1 Channel Selection 70 Charter Communications
 3.2.1.2 CSAT (Carrier Sensing Adaptive Transmission) 70 China Mobile
 3.2.1.3 Opportunistic On-Off Switching 70 Chunghwa Telecom
 3.2.2 LAA (Licensed Assisted Access) 70 CICT (China Information and Communication Technology Group)/China Xinke Group
 3.2.2.1 LBT (Listen-Before Talk): Category 4 & Category 2 LBT 71 Cisco Systems
 3.2.2.2 FS3 (Frame Structure Type 3) for Unlicensed Carriers 72 CITC (Communications and Information Technology Commission, Saudi Arabia)
 3.2.2.3 Other LAA Design & Operational Aspects 72 CITRA (Communication and Information Technology Regulatory Authority, Kuwait)
 3.2.3 eLAA (Enhanced LAA) 72 Claro
 3.2.4 FeLAA (Further Enhanced LAA) 73 ClearSky Technologies
 3.2.5 MulteFire 73 Codium Networks
 3.2.5.1 Supported Unlicensed Bands 73 Comba Telecom
 3.2.5.2 Building on 3GPP-Specified LAA & eLAA Functionality 73 CommAgility
 3.2.5.3 Modifications for Standalone Operation Without Licensed Anchor 74 CommScope
 3.2.5.4 Neutral Host Access, Cellular IoT Optimizations & Additional Capabilities 74 Compal
 3.2.6 Japans sXGP (Shared Extended Global Platform) 74 COMSovereign
 3.2.6.1 License-Exempt Operation of 1.9 GHz Private LTE Networks 74 Connectivity Wireless Solutions
 3.2.6.2 LBT for Coexistence With PHS & Other sXGP Networks 75 Contela
 3.2.6.3 Possible Use of 1.9 GHz as an Anchor Band for Local 5G Networks 75 Contour Networks
 3.2.7 5G NR-U (NR in Unlicensed Spectrum) 75 Corning
 3.2.7.1 Modes of Operation 76 Council Rock
 3.2.7.1.1 Anchored NR-U 76 Cradlepoint
 3.2.7.1.2 Standalone NR-U 77 Crown Castle International Corporation
 3.2.7.2 LBT-Based Channel Access 77 CTIA
 3.2.7.3 Air Interface Refinements for NR-U 78 CTS (Communication Technology Services)
 3.2.7.4 Time-Synchronized NR-U & Future Developments 78 CTU (Czech Telecommunication Office)
 Dali Wireless
 4 Chapter 4: Business Models, Use Cases & Applications 79 Dallas Love Field Airport
 4.1 Business Models & Use Cases 79 Danish Energy Agency
 4.1.1 Service Provider Networks 79 DART (Dallas Area Rapid Transit)
 4.1.1.1 Mobile Network Densification & Build-Outs 79 Dejero Labs
 4.1.1.2 FWA (Fixed Wireless Access) Broadband 80 DEKRA
 4.1.1.3 Mobile Networks for Cable Operators & New Entrants 81 Dell Technologies
 4.1.2 Neutral Host Networks 81 Digi International
 4.1.2.1 Indoor Spaces 82 Digicert
 4.1.2.2 Large Public Venues 82 Digital Colony
 4.1.2.3 Transport Hubs & Corridors 83 DKK (Denki Kogyo)
 4.1.2.4 High-Density Urban Settings 83 Druid Software
 4.1.2.5 Remote and Rural Coverage 83 DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Alliance)
 4.1.3 Private Cellular Networks 84 Dynabook
 4.1.3.1 Offices, Buildings & Corporate Campuses 84 ECT (Hutchison Ports ECT Rotterdam)
 4.1.3.2 Vertical Industries 85 EETT (Hellenic Telecommunications and Post Commission)
 4.1.3.2.1 Manufacturing 85 EION Wireless
 4.1.3.2.2 Transportation 85 ENACOM (Ente Nacional de Comunicaciones)
 4.1.3.2.3 Utilities 86 Encore Networks
 4.1.3.2.4 Mining 86 Ericsson
 4.1.3.2.5 Oil & Gas 86 ETRI (Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute, South Korea)
 4.1.3.2.6 Healthcare 87 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)
 4.1.3.2.7 Education 87 EXFO
 4.1.3.2.8 Retail & Hospitality 88 ExRobotics
 4.1.3.2.9 Governments & Municipalities 88 ExteNet Systems
 4.1.3.2.10 Other Verticals 88 Facebook
 4.2 Applications 89 Faena Forum
 4.2.1 Mobile Broadband 89 Faena Hotel Miami Beach
 4.2.2 Home & Business Broadband 89 Fairspectrum
 4.2.3 Voice & Messaging Services 90 FCNT (Fujitsu Connected Technologies)
 4.2.4 High-Definition Video Transmission 90 Federated Wireless
 4.2.5 Telepresence & Video Conferencing 91 FedEx
 4.2.6 Multimedia Broadcasting & Multicasting 92 Fibrolan
 4.2.7 IoT (Internet of Things) Networking 92 FreedomFi
 4.2.8 Wireless Connectivity for Wearables 93 FRTek
 4.2.9 Untethered AR/VR/MR (Augmented, Virtual & Mixed Reality) 94 Fujitsu
 4.2.10 Real-Time Holographic Projections 95 Future Technologies Venture
 4.2.11 Tactile Internet & Haptic Feedback 95 GCT Semiconductor
 4.2.12 High-Precision Positioning & Tracking 96 GE (General Electric)
 4.2.13 Industrial Automation 96 Gemtek Technology
 4.2.14 Remote Control of Machines 97 Geoverse
 4.2.15 Connected Mobile Robotics 98 Getac Technology Corporation
 4.2.16 Unmanned & Autonomous Vehicles 99 Gogo
 4.2.17 BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line-of-Sight) Operation of Drones 100 Goodman Networks
 4.2.18 Data-Driven Analytics & Insights 101 Google
 4.2.19 Sensor-Equipped Digital Twins 101 Granite Telecommunications
 4.2.20 Predictive Maintenance of Equipment 102 Green Packet
 HCL Technologies
 5 Chapter 5: Spectrum Availability, Allocation & Usage 103 HFR
 5.1 Coordinated (Licensed) Shared Spectrum 103 Hitachi Kokusai Electric
 5.1.1 1.8 GHz (1710 – 1880 MHz) 103 Hon Hai Precision Industry (Foxconn Technology Group)
 5.1.2 2.3 GHz (2300 – 2400 MHz) LSA Band 103 HP
 5.1.3 2.6 GHz (2570 – 2620 MHz) 104 HPE (Hewlett Packard Enterprise)
 5.1.4 3.3 – 3.4 GHz 104 HTNG (Hospitality Technology Next Generation)
 5.1.5 3.4 – 3.8 GHz 104 Huawei
 5.1.6 3.5 GHz (3550 – 3700 MHz) CBRS Band 105 Huber+Suhner
 5.1.7 3.7 – 3.8 GHz 105 iBwave Solutions
 5.1.8 3.8 – 4.2 GHz 106 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
 5.1.9 4.6 – 4.9 GHz 106 IIC (Industrial Internet Consortium)
 5.1.10 26 GHz (24.25 – 27.5 GHz) 106 IMDA (Info-communications Media Development Authority of Singapore)
 5.1.11 28 GHz (26.5 – 29.5 GHz, 27.5 – 28.35 GHz) 106 Infomark Corporation
 5.1.12 37 – 37.6 GHz 107 Infosys
 5.1.13 Other Bands 107 Infovista
 5.2 License-Exempt (Unlicensed) Spectrum 108 Innonet
 5.2.1 Sub-1 GHz Bands (470 – 700/800/900 MHz) 108 InnoWireless
 5.2.2 1.8 GHz DECT Guard Band (1780 – 1785 MHz, 1875 – 1880 MHz) 108 Inseego Corporation
 5.2.3 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Band (1880 – 1920 MHz) 108 Insta Group
 5.2.4 2.4 GHz (2400 – 2483.5 MHz) 109 Intel Corporation
 5.2.5 5 GHz (5150 – 5925 MHz) 109 Intenna Systems
 5.2.6 6 GHz (5925 – 7125 MHz) 109 InterDigital
 5.2.7 57 – 71 GHz 110 IoT4Net
 5.2.8 Other Bands 110 ip.access
 5.3 North America 110 IPLOOK Networks
 5.3.1 United States 110 iPosi
 5.3.2 Canada 111 ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada)
 5.4 Asia Pacific 112 ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector)
 5.4.1 Australia 112 Jaton Technology
 5.4.2 New Zealand 113 JCI (Japan Communications Inc.)
 5.4.3 Japan 113 JEMS (Japan EM Solutions)
 5.4.4 South Korea 114 JIT (JI Technology)
 5.4.5 China 114 JMA Wireless
 5.4.6 Hong Kong 115 John Deere (Deere & Company)
 5.4.7 Taiwan 116 JRC (Japan Radio Company)
 5.4.8 Singapore 116 Juni Global
 5.4.9 Malaysia 116 Kajeet
 5.4.10 Indonesia 117 Kawasaki Heavy Industries
 5.4.11 Philippines 117 Kementerian Kominfo (Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, Indonesia)
 5.4.12 Thailand 117 Key Bridge Wireless
 5.4.13 Vietnam 117 Keysight Technologies
 5.4.14 Myanmar 118 Kisan Telecom
 5.4.15 India 118 KLA Laboratories
 5.4.16 Pakistan 118 Kleos
 5.4.17 Rest of Asia Pacific 118 KMW
 5.5 Europe 119 Koning & Hartman
 5.5.1 United Kingdom 119 KORE Wireless
 5.5.2 Ireland 119 KPN
 5.5.3 France 120 Kyocera Corporation
 5.5.4 Germany 120 Kyrio
 5.5.5 Belgium 121 Landmark Dividend
 5.5.6 Netherlands 121 Lekha Wireless Solutions
 5.5.7 Switzerland 122 Lemko Corporation
 5.5.8 Austria 122 Lenovo
 5.5.9 Italy 122 LG Electronics
 5.5.10 Spain 123 Lime Microsystems
 5.5.11 Portugal 123 Lindsay Broadband
 5.5.12 Sweden 123 Linx Technologies
 5.5.13 Norway 124 LS telcom
 5.5.14 Denmark 124 LTE-U Forum
 5.5.15 Finland 125 Lufthansa Technik
 5.5.16 Estonia 125 M/C Partners
 5.5.17 Czech Republic 125 Maven Wireless
 5.5.18 Poland 126 Mavenir Systems
 5.5.19 Greece 126 MCMC (Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission)
 5.5.20 Turkey 126 McWane
 5.5.21 Bulgaria 127 Memorial Health System
 5.5.22 Romania 127 Metaswitch Networks
 5.5.23 Hungary 127 Metro Network Services
 5.5.24 Slovenia 127 MIC (Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan)
 5.5.25 Croatia 128 MiCOM Labs
 5.5.26 Serbia 128 Microlab
 5.5.27 Russia 128 Microsoft Corporation
 5.5.28 Rest of Europe 129 Midco (Midcontinent Communications)
 5.6 Middle East & Africa 129 MIIT (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China)
 5.6.1 Saudi Arabia 129 MitraStar Technology
 5.6.2 United Arab Emirates 129 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
 5.6.3 Qatar 129 MLB (Major League Baseball)
 5.6.4 Kuwait 130 Mobile Mark
 5.6.5 Israel 130 Mobilitie
 5.6.6 South Africa 130 Motorola Mobility
 5.6.7 Rest of the Middle East & Africa 130 Motorola Solutions
 5.7 Latin & Central America 130 MRT Technology (Suzhou)
 5.7.1 Mexico 130 MSB (M S Benbow & Associates)
 5.7.2 Brazil 131 MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea)
 5.7.3 Argentina 131 MTI (Microelectronics Technology, Inc.)
 5.7.4 Colombia 131 MTI Wireless Edge
 5.7.5 Chile 131 MTS (Mobile TeleSystems)
 5.7.6 Rest of Latin & Central America 132 MulteFire Alliance
 Multi-Tech Systems
 6 Chapter 6: Standardization, Regulatory & Collaborative Initiatives 133 Murray City School District
 6.1 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) 133 NBTC (National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission, Thailand)
 6.1.1 Release 13: LAA for Downlink Operation 134 NEC Corporation
 6.1.2 Release 14: eLAA, CBRS & LSA OAM Support 134 Nemko
 6.1.3 Release 15: FeLAA & 5G NR Air Interface 134 NetCity (GEOS Telecom/GEOS Holding)
 6.1.4 Release 16: 5G NR-U & URLLC Features 135 Netgear
 6.1.5 Release 17 & Beyond: Future Evolution of 5G NR in Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum 136 NetNumber
 6.2 ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions) 136 Netvision Telecom
 6.2.1 IMSI Assignment & Management for CBRS 137 NewEdge Signal Solutions
 6.2.2 Additional CBRS-Related Efforts 137 Nextivity
 6.3 CBRS Alliance 137 NGMN Alliance
 6.3.1 OnGo Certification Program for 3.5 GHz CBRS Equipment 138 Nkom (Norwegian Communications Authority)
 6.3.2 CBRS Network Services & Coexistence Specifications 138 Node-H
 6.3.2.1 Release 1: Baseline Specifications for LTE Systems in the 3.5 GHz Band 138 Nokia
 6.3.2.2 Release 2: Enhanced Specifications in Preparation for OnGo Commercial Service 139 Nominet
 6.3.2.3 Release 3: Incorporation of 3GPP’s 5G Definitions & Standards in the 3.5 GHz CBRS Band 139 Nsight Telservices
 6.3.2.4 Release Independent Specifications for CBRS Identifiers 140 NTC (National Telecommunications Commission, Philippines)
 6.4 CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations) 140 NuRAN Wireless
 6.4.1 ECC (Electronic Communications Committee): Operational Guidelines & Technical Solutions for Spectrum Sharing in Europe 140 Nutaq Innovation
 6.5 CTIA 141 Ocado
 6.5.1 Product Certification for 3.5 GHz CBRS Equipment 141 Oceus Networks
 6.6 DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Alliance) 141 Octasic
 6.6.1 Advocacy Efforts to Promote Unlicensed & Dynamic Access to Spectrum 141 OFCA (Office of the Communications Authority, Hong Kong)
 6.7 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) 142 Ofcom (Office of Communications, United Kingdom)
 6.7.1 RRS (Reconfigurable Radio Systems) Technical Committee: Technical Specifications for LSA & eLSA 142 OnePlus
 6.7.1.1 LSA in the 2.3 GHz (2300-2400 MHz) Band 142 ONF (Open Networking Foundation)
 6.7.1.2 Frequency Agnostic eLSA for Local Wireless Networks 143 OPPO
 6.7.2 BRAN (Broadband Radio Access Networks) Technical Committee: Harmonized Standards for Wireless Access Systems 143 Optage
 6.7.2.1 WSD (White Space Devices) Operating in the 470 – 790 MHz Band 143 Oracle Communications
 6.7.2.2 5 GHz RLANs (Radio Local Area Networks) 143 Panasonic Corporation
 6.7.2.3 6 GHz RLANs 144 Panorama Antennas
 6.7.2.4 60 GHz Multi-Gigabit Wireless Systems 144 Parallel Wireless
 6.7.2.5 Other Relevant Work 144 Parsec Technologies
 6.8 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) 144 Pavlov Media
 6.8.1 Standards & Protocols for Interworking Between 3GPP & Unlicensed Technologies 144 PCTEL
 6.9 ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector) 145 PCTEST Lab (PCTEST Engineering Laboratory)
 6.9.1 International Regulation of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum 145 PGA Tour
 6.10 LTE-U Forum 145 Pierson Wireless
 6.10.1 Technical Specifications for LTE-U in Unlicensed 5 GHz Spectrum 146 Pivot Technology Services
 6.11 MulteFire Alliance 146 Pivotal Commware
 6.11.1 Specifications for LTE/5G NR Operation in Unlicensed Spectrum 146 PK Solutions
 6.11.1.1 Release 1.0: LTE Operation in the Unlicensed 5 GHz Band 146 Polaris Networks
 6.11.1.2 Release 1.1: Support for Industrial IoT & Sub-1/1.9/2.4 GHz Spectrum Bands 147 Port of Rotterdam Authority
 6.11.2 MulteFire Certification Program 147 Potevio
 6.12 NGMN Alliance 147 PTA (Pakistan Telecommunication Authority)
 6.12.1 Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum-Related Activates 148 PTS (Post and Telecom Authority, Sweden)
 6.13 ONF (Open Networking Foundation) 148 QuadGen Wireless Solutions
 6.13.1 Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Support in the Aether 5G/LTE ECaaS (Edge-Cloud-as-a-Service) Platform 148 Qualcomm
 6.14 Small Cell Forum 148 Quantum Wireless
 6.14.1 Work Related to License-Exempt & Shared Spectrum Small Cells 149 Qucell
 6.15 WhiteSpace Alliance 149 Quectel Wireless Solutions
 6.15.1 Promoting the Use of 3GPP, IEEE & IETF Standards for TVWS Spectrum 149 Qulsar
 6.16 WInnForum (Wireless Innovation Forum) 150 Quortus
 6.16.1 SSC (Spectrum Sharing Committee): CBRS Standards 150 Radiocommunications Agency Netherlands
 6.16.1.1 Release 1: CBRS Baseline Standards 150 Radisys Corporation
 6.16.1.2 Release 2: Enhancements to CBRS Baseline Standards 151 Ranplan Wireless
 6.16.1.3 Administration of Root Certificate Authority, Professional Installer Training & CBSD Certification Programs 152 RATEL (Regulatory Agency for Electronic Communications and Postal Services, Serbia)
 6.16.2 6MSC (6 GHz Multi-Stakeholder Planning Committee) 152 Raycap
 6.16.3 Other Committees 152 RCI (Rural Cloud Initiative)
 6.17 XGP (eXtended Global Platform) Forum 153 Realme
 6.17.1 Development & Promotion of the sXGP Unlicensed LTE Service 153 Rearden
 6.18 Others 153 RED Technologies
 6.18.1 National Government Agencies & Regulators 153 Redline Communications
 6.18.2 Vertical Industry Associations 154 Reliance Industries
 6.18.3 Non-3GPP Technology Alliances 154 RF Connect
 RFS (Radio Frequency Systems)
 7 Chapter 7: Case Studies of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Deployments 155 Rivada Networks
 7.1 American Dream: Transforming Retail & Entertainment Using CBRS-Powered Wireless Connectivity 155 RKTPL (RK Telesystem Private Limited)
 7.1.1 Spectrum Type 155 Robert Bosch
 7.1.2 Integrators & Suppliers 155 Rohde & Schwarz
 7.1.3 Deployment Summary 156 Royal Dutch Shell
 7.2 Angel Stadium: Private LTE & 5G-Ready CBRS Network for Powering Critical Support Systems 157 Ruckus Networks
 7.2.1 Spectrum Type 157 RuggON Corporation
 7.2.2 Integrators & Suppliers 157 RWG (Rotterdam World Gateway)
 7.2.3 Deployment Summary 157 Saankhya Labs
 7.3 AT&T: Tapping Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum for Mobile Network Densification & FWA 158 SAC Wireless
 7.3.1 Spectrum Type 158 Safari Telecom
 7.3.2 Integrators & Suppliers 158 Samsung
 7.3.3 Deployment Summary 158 Sanjole
 7.4 BBB (BB Backbone Corporation): 1.9 GHz sXGP-Based Private LTE Network Platform 161 SBA Communications Corporation
 7.4.1 Spectrum Type 161 SCM (Smart City Media)
 7.4.2 Integrators & Suppliers 161 SCRF (State Commission for Radio Frequencies, Russia)
 7.4.3 Deployment Summary 161 SDG&E (San Diego Gas & Electric) Company
 7.5 BYD SkyRail: Unlicensed 5 GHz Wireless System for Railway Communications 163 Select Spectrum
 7.5.1 Spectrum Type 163 Sempra Energy
 7.5.2 Integrators & Suppliers 163 Seowon Intech
 7.5.3 Deployment Summary 163 Sequans Communications
 7.6 Cal.net: LTE-Based CBRS Network for Bridging the Digital Divide in Rural California 164 Sercomm Corporation
 7.6.1 Spectrum Type 164 SGCC (State Grid Corporation of China)
 7.6.2 Integrators & Suppliers 164 SGS
 7.6.3 Deployment Summary 164 Shanghai Smawave Technology
 7.7 Charter Communications: Transforming MVNO & FWA Service Offerings With CBRS Shared Spectrum 165 Sharp Corporation
 7.7.1 Spectrum Type 165 Siemens
 7.7.2 Integrators & Suppliers 165 Sierra Wireless
 7.7.3 Deployment Summary 165 SIPG (Shanghai International Port Group)
 7.8 Chunghwa Telecom: Utilizing Unlicensed 5 GHz Spectrum to Enhance Mobile Broadband Experience 167 Sivers IMA
 7.8.1 Spectrum Type 167 Small Cell Forum
 7.8.2 Integrators & Suppliers 167 Smart City Networks
 7.8.3 Deployment Summary 167 SmarTone
 7.9 Dallas Love Field Airport: Private LTE Network for Internal Operations & Passenger Experience 168 SoftBank Group
 7.9.1 Spectrum Type 168 SOLiD
 7.9.2 Integrators & Suppliers 168 Sony Corporation
 7.9.3 Deployment Summary 168 Sony Mobile Communications
 7.10 DART (Dallas Area Rapid Transit): CBRS-Powered Smart Media & Communications Platform 169 Southern Company
 7.10.1 Spectrum Type 169 Southern Linc
 7.10.2 Integrators & Suppliers 169 Spectrum Effect
 7.10.3 Deployment Summary 169 Spirent Communications
 7.11 Faena Hotel & Forum: LTE-Based CBRS Network for Improving Mobile Connectivity 171 Sporton International
 7.11.1 Spectrum Type 171 SQUAN
 7.11.2 Integrators & Suppliers 171 SSC (Shared Spectrum Company)
 7.11.3 Deployment Summary 171 Star Solutions
 7.12 FedEx: Leveraging CBRS Shared Spectrum for Wireless Communications in Hub Facilities 172 STEP CG
 7.12.1 Spectrum Type 172 STL (Sterlite Technologies Ltd)
 7.12.2 Integrators & Suppliers 172 Strata Worldwide
 7.12.3 Deployment Summary 172 Subtel (Subsecretaría de Telecomunicaciones de Chile)
 7.13 Fujitsu: Establishing Japans First Private 5G Network Using Locally Licensed 28.2 – 28.3 GHz Spectrum 173 Sumitomo Corporation
 7.13.1 Spectrum Type 173 Sunwave Communications
 7.13.2 Integrators & Suppliers 173 SureSite Consulting Group
 7.13.3 Deployment Summary 173 Suzhou Aquila Solutions (Aquila Wireless)
 7.14 Geoverse: Pioneering Neutral Host & Private Wireless Networks With CBRS Shared Spectrum 175 Syniverse Technologies
 7.14.1 Spectrum Type 175 T&W (Shenzhen Gongjin Electronics)
 7.14.2 Integrators & Suppliers 175 Tait Communications
 7.14.3 Deployment Summary 175 Tango Networks
 7.15 Gogo: Capitalizing on Unlicensed 2.4 GHz Spectrum for LTE/5G-Ready A2G (Air-to-Ground) Network 176 Taoglas
 7.15.1 Spectrum Type 176 Teal Communications
 7.15.2 Integrators & Suppliers 176 Tecore Networks
 7.15.3 Deployment Summary 176 Telewave
 7.16 John Deere: Private Cellular Connectivity for Manufacturing Processes & Agricultural Applications 178 Teleworld Solutions
 7.16.1 Spectrum Type 178 Telit Communications
 7.16.2 Integrators & Suppliers 178 Telrad Networks
 7.16.3 Deployment Summary 178 Telsasoft
 7.17 Kawasaki Heavy Industries: Connecting Smart Factory Robotics With Private 5G 179 Tessares
 7.17.1 Spectrum Type 179 TESSCO Technologies
 7.17.2 Integrators & Suppliers 179 ThinkRF
 7.17.3 Deployment Summary 179 Tilson
 7.18 Lufthansa Technik: Industrial-Grade 5G Campus Networks for Aircraft Maintenance Operations 180 TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile)
 7.18.1 Spectrum Type 180 Times Square Alliance
 7.18.2 Integrators & Suppliers 180 TLC Solutions
 7.18.3 Deployment Summary 180 TRA (Telecommunications Regulatory Authority, United Arab Emirates)
 7.19 Memorial Health System: LTE-Based CBRS Network to Support COVID-19 Response Efforts 182 Traficom (Transport and Communications Agency, Finland)
 7.19.1 Spectrum Type 182 Transit Wireless
 7.19.2 Integrators & Suppliers 182 Trilogy Networks
 7.19.3 Deployment Summary 182 TSDSI (Telecommunications Standards Development Society, India)
 7.20 Midco (Midcontinent Communications): Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum for Rural Broadband Connectivity 183 TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association, South Korea)
 7.20.1 Spectrum Type 183 TTC (Telecommunication Technology Committee, Japan)
 7.20.2 Integrators & Suppliers 183 TÜV SÜD
 7.20.3 Deployment Summary 183 U.S. FCC (Federal Communications Commission)
 7.21 Mitsubishi Electric: 5G NR-Based Industrial Wireless System for Factory Automation 184 Ubicquia
 7.21.1 Spectrum Type 184 UCSB (University of California, Santa Barbara)
 7.21.2 Integrators & Suppliers 184 UKE (Office of Electronic Communications, Poland)
 7.21.3 Deployment Summary 184 UL
 7.22 MTS (Mobile TeleSystems): Delivering Gigabit-Grade LTE Services Using LAA Technology 186 Unizyx Holding Corporation
 7.22.1 Spectrum Type 186 URSYS
 7.22.2 Integrators & Suppliers 186 Valid8
 7.22.3 Deployment Summary 186 Vapor IO
 7.23 Murray City School District: LTE-Based Private CBRS Network for K-12 Education 187 Ventev
 7.23.1 Spectrum Type 187 Verizon Communications
 7.23.2 Integrators & Suppliers 187 Vertical Bridge
 7.23.3 Deployment Summary 187 Verveba Telecom
 7.24 NetCity (GEOS Telecom): Unlicensed Sub-1 GHz LTE Network for AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure) 188 Viavi Solutions
 7.24.1 Spectrum Type 188 VINCI Energies
 7.24.2 Integrators & Suppliers 188 Virtual Network Communications
 7.24.3 Deployment Summary 188 Vivo
 7.25 New York’s Times Square: Improving Public Mobile Connectivity With CBRS Shared Spectrum 190 Vodacom Group
 7.25.1 Spectrum Type 190 Vodafone Germany
 7.25.2 Integrators & Suppliers 190 Vodafone Group
 7.25.3 Deployment Summary 190 Wave Wireless
 7.26 Ocado: Custom-Built LTE Network Over Unlicensed 5 GHz Spectrum for Warehouse Automation 192 Wavesight
 7.26.1 Spectrum Type 192 WBA (Wireless Broadband Alliance)
 7.26.2 Integrators & Suppliers 192 Westell Technologies
 7.26.3 Deployment Summary 192 WhiteSpace Alliance
 7.27 PGA Tour: LTE-Based CBRS Networks to Improve Wireless Coverage & Security at Golf Tournaments 194 Widelity
 7.27.1 Spectrum Type 194 Wi-Fi Alliance
 7.27.2 Integrators & Suppliers 194 Wilson Electronics
 7.27.3 Deployment Summary 194 Wilus
 7.28 PK Solutions: CBRS-Powered Private Wireless Connectivity for Oil & Gas Companies 196 WIN Connectivity (Wireless Information Networks)
 7.28.1 Spectrum Type 196 Winncom Technologies
 7.28.2 Integrators & Suppliers 196 WInnForum (Wireless Innovation Forum)
 7.28.3 Deployment Summary 196 Wireless Telecom Group
 7.29 Port of Rotterdam: Locally Licensed 3.7 GHz LTE Network for Business-Critical Applications 197 WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation)
 7.29.1 Spectrum Type 197 Wytec International
 7.29.2 Integrators & Suppliers 197 XGP (eXtended Global Platform) Forum
 7.29.3 Deployment Summary 197 Yangshan Port
 7.30 RCI (Rural Cloud Initiative): Building the Farm of the Future With CBRS Spectrum 199 Zebra Technologies
 7.30.1 Spectrum Type 199 ZenFi Networks
 7.30.2 Integrators & Suppliers 199 Zinwave
 7.30.3 Deployment Summary 199 Zmtel (Shanghai Zhongmi Communication Technology)
 7.31 Robert Bosch: Automating & Digitizing Manufacturing Facilities With Private 5G Networks 200 ZTE
 7.31.1 Spectrum Type 200 Zyxel Communications
 7.31.2 Integrators & Suppliers 200
 7.31.3 Deployment Summary 200
 7.32 SDG&E (San Diego Gas & Electric) Company: Private LTE Network for Mission-Critical Communications 202
 7.32.1 Spectrum Type 202
 7.32.2 Integrators & Suppliers 202
 7.32.3 Deployment Summary 202
 7.33 SmarTone: Effectively Managing Traffic Surges With Strategically Located LAA Small Cells 203
 7.33.1 Spectrum Type 203
 7.33.2 Integrators & Suppliers 203
 7.33.3 Deployment Summary 203
 7.34 Southern Linc: Expanding LTE Network Capacity for Utility Communications With CBRS Shared Spectrum 204
 7.34.1 Spectrum Type 204
 7.34.2 Integrators & Suppliers 204
 7.34.3 Deployment Summary 204
 7.35 Strata Worldwide: Streamlining Mining Operations With Combined Low-Band & CBRS Spectrum Networks 206
 7.35.1 Spectrum Type 206
 7.35.2 Integrators & Suppliers 206
 7.35.3 Deployment Summary 206
 7.36 UCSB (University of California, Santa Barbara): Outdoor CBRS Network for On-Campus IoT Services 207
 7.36.1 Spectrum Type 207
 7.36.2 Integrators & Suppliers 207
 7.36.3 Deployment Summary 207
 7.37 URSYS: Bringing Cellular Connectivity to Rural Areas and Outlying Regions With Unlicensed Spectrum 208
 7.37.1 Spectrum Type 208
 7.37.2 Integrators & Suppliers 208
 7.37.3 Deployment Summary 208
 7.38 Verizon Communications: Exploiting 3.5 GHz CBRS & 5 GHz Spectrum to Address Capacity Demands 209
 7.38.1 Spectrum Type 209
 7.38.2 Integrators & Suppliers 209
 7.38.3 Deployment Summary 209
 7.39 Vodacom Group: Employing Unlicensed 5 GHz Spectrum To Improve LTE Network Capacity & Performance 212
 7.39.1 Spectrum Type 212
 7.39.2 Integrators & Suppliers 212
 7.39.3 Deployment Summary 212
 7.40 Yangshan Port: Unlicensed 5 GHz LTE Network for Automated Container Terminal Operations 213
 7.40.1 Spectrum Type 213
 7.40.2 Integrators & Suppliers 213
 7.40.3 Deployment Summary 213
 
 8 Chapter 8: Market Sizing & Forecasts 215
 8.1 Global Outlook for Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Networks 215
 8.2 Segmentation by Air Interface Technology 216
 8.2.1 LTE 217
 8.2.2 5G NR 218
 8.3 Segmentation by Cell Type 219
 8.3.1 Indoor Small Cells 220
 8.3.2 Outdoor Small Cells 221
 8.4 Segmentation by Spectrum Licensing Model 222
 8.4.1 Coordinated (Licensed) Shared Spectrum 223
 8.4.2 Unlicensed Spectrum 224
 8.5 Segmentation by Frequency Band 225
 8.5.1 Coordinated Shared Spectrum 225
 8.5.1.1 1.8 GHz 226
 8.5.1.2 2.3 – 2.6 GHz 227
 8.5.1.3 3.3 – 4.2 GHz C-Band 228
 8.5.1.4 3.5 GHz CBRS Band 229
 8.5.1.5 26/28 GHz 230
 8.5.1.6 Other Frequencies 231
 8.5.2 Unlicensed Spectrum 232
 8.5.2.1 Sub-1 GHz 233
 8.5.2.2 1.9 GHz sXGP Band 234
 8.5.2.3 2.4 GHz 235
 8.5.2.4 5 GHz 236
 8.5.2.5 6 GHz 237
 8.5.2.6 Higher Frequencies 238
 8.6 Segmentation by Use Case 239
 8.6.1 Mobile Network Densification 240
 8.6.2 FWA (Fixed Wireless Access) 241
 8.6.3 Cable Operators & New Entrants 242
 8.6.4 Neutral Hosts 243
 8.6.5 Private Cellular Networks 244
 8.6.5.1 Offices, Buildings & Corporate Campuses 245
 8.6.5.2 Vertical Industries 246
 8.7 Regional Outlook 247
 8.7.1 North America 248
 8.7.2 Asia Pacific 249
 8.7.3 Europe 250
 8.7.4 Middle East & Africa 251
 8.7.5 Latin & Central America 252
 
 9 Chapter 9: Key Ecosystem Players 253
 9.1 6Harmonics/6WiLInk 253
 9.2 ABiT Corporation 254
 9.3 Accelleran 255
 9.4 Accuver (InnoWireless) 256
 9.5 ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies) 257
 9.6 Affirmed Networks (Microsoft Corporation) 258
 9.7 Airgain 259
 9.8 Airspan Networks 260
 9.9 Airtower Networks 262
 9.10 Airwavz Solutions 263
 9.11 Akoustis Technologies 264
 9.12 Alef Edge 265
 9.13 Allen Vanguard Wireless 266
 9.14 Alpha Wireless 267
 9.15 Altiostar Networks 268
 9.16 Altran 269
 9.17 Amazon 271
 9.18 Amdocs 273
 9.19 American Tower Corporation 275
 9.20 Amit Wireless 276
 9.21 Anritsu Corporation 277
 9.22 ANS (Advanced Network Services) 278
 9.23 Antenna Company 279
 9.24 Anterix 280
 9.25 Apple 281
 9.26 Artemis Networks (Rearden) 282
 9.27 ASOCS 283
 9.28 ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute) 284
 9.29 ASUS (ASUSTeK Computer)/Askey Computer Corporation 286
 9.30 Athonet 287
 9.31 ATN International 288
 9.32 AttoCore 289
 9.33 Axell Wireless 290
 9.34 Azcom Technology 291
 9.35 BAI Communications/Transit Wireless 292
 9.36 Baicells Technologies 293
 9.37 Ballast Networks 294
 9.38 BearCom 295
 9.39 BEC Technologies 296
 9.40 Benetel 297
 9.41 Billion Electric 298
 9.42 Black Box Corporation 299
 9.43 Blackned 300
 9.44 Blue Arcus Technologies 301
 9.45 Blue Danube Systems 302
 9.46 Boingo Wireless 303
 9.47 Branch Communications 304
 9.48 BTI Wireless 305
 9.49 Bureau Veritas/7Layers 306
 9.50 BVSystems (Berkeley Varitronics Systems) 307
 9.51 CableFree (Wireless Excellence) 308
 9.52 CableLabs/Kyrio 309
 9.53 Cambium Networks 310
 9.54 Cambridge Consultants 311
 9.55 Carlson Wireless Technologies 312
 9.56 Casa Systems 313
 9.57 CCI (Communication Components Inc.)/BLiNQ Networks 315
 9.58 CCN (Cirrus Core Networks) 316
 9.59 CellAntenna Corporation 317
 9.60 cellXica 318
 9.61 Celona 319
 9.62 Centerline Communications 320
 9.63 CICT (China Information and Communication Technology Group)/China Xinke Group 321
 9.64 Cisco Systems 323
 9.65 ClearSky Technologies 325
 9.66 Codium Networks 326
 9.67 Comba Telecom 327
 9.68 CommAgility (Wireless Telecom Group) 329
 9.69 CommScope/Ruckus Networks 330
 9.70 Compal 332
 9.71 COMSovereign 333
 9.72 Connectivity Wireless Solutions (M/C Partners) 334
 9.73 Contela 335
 9.74 Corning 336
 9.75 Council Rock 338
 9.76 Cradlepoint (Ericsson) 339
 9.77 Crown Castle International Corporation 340
 9.78 CTS (Communication Technology Services) 341
 9.79 Dali Wireless 342
 9.80 Dejero Labs 343
 9.81 DEKRA 344
 9.82 Dell Technologies 345
 9.83 Digi International 346
 9.84 Digicert 347
 9.85 DKK (Denki Kogyo) 348
 9.86 Druid Software 349
 9.87 EION Wireless 350
 9.88 Encore Networks 351
 9.89 Ericsson 352
 9.90 ETRI (Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute, South Korea) 354
 9.91 EXFO 355
 9.92 ExteNet Systems (Digital Colony) 356
 9.93 Facebook 357
 9.94 Fairspectrum 360
 9.95 FCNT (Fujitsu Connected Technologies)/JEMS (Japan EM Solutions) 361
 9.96 Federated Wireless 362
 9.97 Fibrolan 364
 9.98 FreedomFi 365
 9.99 FRTek 366
 9.100 Fujitsu 367
 9.101 Future Technologies Venture 369
 9.102 GCT Semiconductor 370
 9.103 GE (General Electric) 371
 9.104 Gemtek Technology 372
 9.105 Geoverse (ATN International) 373
 9.106 Getac Technology Corporation 374
 9.107 Goodman Networks 375
 9.108 Google (Alphabet) 376
 9.109 Granite Telecommunications 378
 9.110 Green Packet 379
 9.111 HCL Technologies 380
 9.112 HFR 381
 9.113 Hitachi Kokusai Electric 382
 9.114 Hon Hai Precision Industry (Foxconn Technology Group) 383
 9.115 HP 384
 9.116 HPE (Hewlett Packard Enterprise) 385
 9.117 Huawei 387
 9.118 Huber+Suhner 389
 9.119 iBwave Solutions (Corning) 390
 9.120 Infomark Corporation 391
 9.121 Infosys 392
 9.122 Infovista 393
 9.123 Innonet 394
 9.124 Inseego Corporation 395
 9.125 Insta Group 396
 9.126 Intel Corporation 397
 9.127 Intenna Systems 399
 9.128 InterDigital 400
 9.129 IoT4Net 401
 9.130 ip.access (Mavenir Systems) 402
 9.131 IPLOOK Networks 404
 9.132 iPosi 405
 9.133 Jaton Technology 406
 9.134 JCI (Japan Communications Inc.)/Contour Networks 407
 9.135 JIT (JI Technology) 408
 9.136 JMA Wireless 409
 9.137 JRC (Japan Radio Company) 410
 9.138 Juni Global 412
 9.139 Kajeet 413
 9.140 Key Bridge Wireless 414
 9.141 Keysight Technologies 415
 9.142 Kisan Telecom 417
 9.143 KLA Laboratories 418
 9.144 Kleos 419
 9.145 KMW 420
 9.146 KORE Wireless 421
 9.147 Kyocera Corporation 422
 9.148 Landmark Dividend 423
 9.149 Lekha Wireless Solutions 424
 9.150 Lemko Corporation 425
 9.151 Lenovo/Motorola Mobility 426
 9.152 LG Electronics 428
 9.153 Lime Microsystems 429
 9.154 Lindsay Broadband 430
 9.155 Linx Technologies 431
 9.156 LS telcom 432
 9.157 Maven Wireless 433
 9.158 Mavenir Systems 434
 9.159 Metaswitch Networks (Microsoft Corporation) 436
 9.160 Metro Network Services 437
 9.161 MiCOM Labs 438
 9.162 Microlab 439
 9.163 Microsoft Corporation 440
 9.164 MitraStar Technology (Unizyx Holding Corporation) 442
 9.165 Mobile Mark 443
 9.166 Mobilitie 444
 9.167 Motorola Solutions 445
 9.168 MRT Technology (Suzhou) 447
 9.169 MSB (M S Benbow & Associates) 448
 9.170 MTI (Microelectronics Technology, Inc.) 449
 9.171 MTI Wireless Edge 450
 9.172 Multi-Tech Systems 451
 9.173 NEC Corporation 452
 9.174 Nemko 454
 9.175 Netgear 455
 9.176 NetNumber 456
 9.177 Netvision Telecom 457
 9.178 NewEdge Signal Solutions 458
 9.179 Nextivity 459
 9.180 Node-H 460
 9.181 Nokia 461
 9.182 Nominet 463
 9.183 Nsight Telservices 464
 9.184 NuRAN Wireless/Nutaq Innovation 465
 9.185 Oceus Networks 466
 9.186 Octasic 468
 9.187 OPPO/Vivo/OnePlus/Realme (BBK Electronics Corporation) 469
 9.188 Oracle Communications 470
 9.189 Panasonic Corporation 471
 9.190 Panorama Antennas 472
 9.191 Parallel Wireless 473
 9.192 Parsec Technologies 474
 9.193 Pavlov Media 475
 9.194 PCTEL 476
 9.195 PCTEST Lab (PCTEST Engineering Laboratory) 477
 9.196 Pierson Wireless 478
 9.197 Pivot Technology Services 479
 9.198 Pivotal Commware 480
 9.199 Polaris Networks 481
 9.200 Potevio 482
 9.201 QuadGen Wireless Solutions 483
 9.202 Qualcomm 484
 9.203 Quantum Wireless 486
 9.204 Qucell (InnoWireless) 487
 9.205 Quectel Wireless Solutions 488
 9.206 Qulsar 489
 9.207 Quortus 490
 9.208 Radisys Corporation (Reliance Industries) 492
 9.209 Ranplan Wireless 494
 9.210 Raycap 495
 9.211 RED Technologies 496
 9.212 Redline Communications 497
 9.213 RF Connect 498
 9.214 RFS (Radio Frequency Systems) 499
 9.215 Rivada Networks 500
 9.216 RKTPL (RK Telesystem Private Limited) 501
 9.217 Rohde & Schwarz 502
 9.218 RuggON Corporation 503
 9.219 Saankhya Labs 504
 9.220 SAC Wireless (Nokia) 505
 9.221 Samsung 506
 9.222 Sanjole 508
 9.223 SBA Communications Corporation 509
 9.224 Select Spectrum 510
 9.225 Seowon Intech 511
 9.226 Sequans Communications 512
 9.227 Sercomm Corporation 513
 9.228 SGS 514
 9.229 Shanghai Smawave Technology 515
 9.230 Sharp Corporation/Dynabook (Foxconn) 516
 9.231 Siemens 517
 9.232 Sierra Wireless 518
 9.233 Sivers IMA 519
 9.234 Smart City Networks 520
 9.235 SOLiD 521
 9.236 Sony Corporation 522
 9.237 Spectrum Effect 524
 9.238 Spirent Communications 525
 9.239 Sporton International 527
 9.240 SQUAN 528
 9.241 SSC (Shared Spectrum Company) 529
 9.242 Star Solutions 530
 9.243 STEP CG 532
 9.244 STL (Sterlite Technologies Ltd) 533
 9.245 Sunwave Communications 534
 9.246 SureSite Consulting Group 535
 9.247 Suzhou Aquila Solutions (Aquila Wireless) 536
 9.248 Syniverse Technologies 537
 9.249 T&W (Shenzhen Gongjin Electronics) 538
 9.250 Tait Communications 539
 9.251 Tango Networks 540
 9.252 Taoglas 541
 9.253 Teal Communications 542
 9.254 Tecore Networks 543
 9.255 Telewave 544
 9.256 Teleworld Solutions 545
 9.257 Telit Communications 546
 9.258 Telrad Networks 547
 9.259 Telsasoft 548
 9.260 Tessares 549
 9.261 TESSCO Technologies 550
 9.262 ThinkRF 551
 9.263 Tilson 552
 9.264 TLC Solutions 553
 9.265 TÜV SÜD 554
 9.266 Ubicquia 555
 9.267 UL 556
 9.268 Valid8 557
 9.269 Vapor IO 558
 9.270 Vertical Bridge (Digital Colony) 559
 9.271 Verveba Telecom 560
 9.272 Viavi Solutions 561
 9.273 Virtual Network Communications (COMSovereign) 563
 9.274 Wave Wireless 564
 9.275 Wavesight 565
 9.276 Westell Technologies 566
 9.277 Widelity 567
 9.278 Wilson Electronics 568
 9.279 Wilus 569
 9.280 WIN Connectivity (Wireless Information Networks) 570
 9.281 Winncom Technologies 571
 9.282 WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation) 572
 9.283 Wytec International 574
 9.284 Zebra Technologies 575
 9.285 ZenFi Networks 576
 9.286 Zinwave (McWane) 577
 9.287 Zmtel (Shanghai Zhongmi Communication Technology) 578
 9.288 ZTE 579
 9.289 Zyxel Communications (Unizyx Holding Corporation) 581
 
 10 Chapter 10: Conclusion & Strategic Recommendations 582
 10.1 Why is the Market Poised to Grow? 582
 10.2 Future Roadmap: 2021 – 2030 583
 10.2.1 2021 – 2024: LTE & 5G NR Deployments in CBRS, Shared Mid-Band & 26/28 GHz Spectrum 583
 10.2.2 2025 – 2029: Commercial Maturity of Shared Spectrum 5G NR Networks for Industrial IoT 584
 10.2.3 2030 & Beyond: Worldwide Ubiquity of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum 584
 10.3 Fostering Innovation Through Shared Spectrum Frameworks 585
 10.4 Availability of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Bands 585
 10.5 Transforming the Cellular Communications Industry 586
 10.6 Private Cellular Networks for Enterprises & Vertical Industries 586
 10.7 Bringing 5G NR Connectivity to Industrial IoT Settings 586
 10.8 Densification of Mobile Operator Networks in the 5G Era 587
 10.9 Accelerating FWA & Rural Broadband Rollouts 587
 10.10 Indoor Demand Driving Localized Wireless System Build-Outs 588
 10.11 Moving Towards the Neutral Host Model 588
 10.12 The Emergence of New Entrants in the Cellular Industry 588
 10.13 COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact on Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Deployments 589
 10.14 Strategic Recommendations 589
 10.14.1 LTE/5G Equipment Suppliers & System Integrators 589
 10.14.2 Mobile Operators, Neutral Hosts & Other Service Providers 590
 10.14.3 Enterprises & Vertical Industries 591
  

List Of Figures

List of Figures
 Figure 1: The Value Chain of Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Networks 48
 Figure 2: CBRS Tiers of Authorization 60
 Figure 3: CBRS System Architecture 62
 Figure 4: Functional Architecture of LSA 64
 Figure 5: Spectrum Access Schemes Supported by eLSA 65
 Figure 6: Anchored & Standalone NR-U 76
 Figure 7: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Technology Standardization in 3GPP Releases 13 – 17 135
 Figure 8: WInnForums CBRS Standards 151
 Figure 9: IoT Services Over BBBs sXGP-Based Private LTE Network Platform 162
 Figure 10: Charter Communications Infrastructure-Based MVNO Platform 166
 Figure 11: Fujitsus Private 5G Network at the Shin-Kawasaki Technology Square Office 174
 Figure 12: Licensed & Unlicensed Spectrum Use in Gogos ATG (Air-to-Ground) Network 177
 Figure 13: Mitsubishi Electrics Local 5G System for Factory Automation 185
 Figure 14: Ocados 4G-Based Wireless Control System for Warehouse Automation 193
 Figure 15: Verizons Spectrum Portfolio 210
 Figure 16: Yangshan Ports Unlicensed 5.8 GHz LTE Network 214
 Figure 17: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 215
 Figure 18: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 215
 Figure 19: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments by Air Interface Technology: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 216
 Figure 20: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Air Interface Technology: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 216
 Figure 21: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 217
 Figure 22: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 217
 Figure 23: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum 5G NR Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 218
 Figure 24: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum 5G NR Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 218
 Figure 25: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments by Cell Type: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 219
 Figure 26: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Cell Type: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 219
 Figure 27: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Indoor Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 220
 Figure 28: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Indoor Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 220
 Figure 29: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Outdoor Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 221
 Figure 30: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Outdoor Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 221
 Figure 31: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments by Spectrum Licensing Model: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 222
 Figure 32: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Spectrum Licensing Model: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 222
 Figure 33: Coordinated Shared Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 223
 Figure 34: Coordinated Shared Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 223
 Figure 35: Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 224
 Figure 36: Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 224
 Figure 37: Coordinated Shared Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments by Frequency Band: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 225
 Figure 38: Coordinated Shared Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Frequency Band: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 225
 Figure 39: 1.8 GHz Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 226
 Figure 40: 1.8 GHz Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 226
 Figure 41: 2.3 – 2.6 GHz Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 227
 Figure 42: 2.3 – 2.6 GHz Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 227
 Figure 43: 3.3 – 4.2 GHz C-Band Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 228
 Figure 44: 3.3 – 4.2 GHz C-Band Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 228
 Figure 45: 3.5 GHz CBRS Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 229
 Figure 46: 3.5 GHz CBRS Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 229
 Figure 47: 26/28 GHz Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 230
 Figure 48: 26/28 GHz Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 230
 Figure 49: Other Frequency Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 231
 Figure 50: Other Frequency Shared Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 231
 Figure 51: Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments by Frequency Band: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 232
 Figure 52: Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Frequency Band: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 232
 Figure 53: Sub-1 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 233
 Figure 54: Sub-1 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 233
 Figure 55: 1.9 GHz sXGP Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 234
 Figure 56: 1.9 GHz sXGP Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 234
 Figure 57: 2.4 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 235
 Figure 58: 2.4 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 235
 Figure 59: 5 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 236
 Figure 60: 5 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 236
 Figure 61: 6 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 237
 Figure 62: 6 GHz Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 237
 Figure 63: Higher Frequency Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 238
 Figure 64: Higher Frequency Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 238
 Figure 65: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments by Use Case: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 239
 Figure 66: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Use Case: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 239
 Figure 67: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments for Mobile Network Densification: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 240
 Figure 68: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue for Mobile Network Densification: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 240
 Figure 69: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments for FWA: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 241
 Figure 70: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue for FWA: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 241
 Figure 71: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments for Cable Operators & New Entrants: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 242
 Figure 72: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue for Cable Operators & New Entrants: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 242
 Figure 73: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments for Neutral Hosts: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 243
 Figure 74: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue for Neutral Hosts: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 243
 Figure 75: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments for Private Cellular Networks: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 244
 Figure 76: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue for Private Cellular Networks: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 244
 Figure 77: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments for Offices, Buildings & Corporate Campuses: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 245
 Figure 78: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue for Offices, Buildings & Corporate Campuses: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 245
 Figure 79: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments for Vertical Industries: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 246
 Figure 80: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue for Vertical Industries: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 246
 Figure 81: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipments by Region: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 247
 Figure 82: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue by Region: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 247
 Figure 83: North America Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 248
 Figure 84: North America Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 248
 Figure 85: Asia Pacific Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 249
 Figure 86: Asia Pacific Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 249
 Figure 87: Europe Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 250
 Figure 88: Europe Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 250
 Figure 89: Middle East & Africa Shared/Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 251
 Figure 90: Middle East & Africa Shared/Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 251
 Figure 91: Latin & Central America Shared/Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipments: 2021 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 252
 Figure 92: Latin & Central America Shared/Unlicensed Spectrum Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue: 2021 – 2030 ($ Million) 252
 Figure 93: Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum RAN Investments by Air Interface Technology: 2021 – 2024 ($ Million) 582
 Figure 94: Future Roadmap for Shared & Unlicensed Spectrum LTE/5G Networks: 2021 – 2030 583
  

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